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February 21Culture

International Mother Language Day

Every language is a unique window on the world — preserve them all.


About

International Mother Language Day on February 21 promotes linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism. It is estimated that more than half of the approximately 7,000 languages spoken worldwide are at risk of disappearing by the end of this century, with one language lost on average every two weeks. UNESCO uses the day to advance the understanding that languages and multilingualism foster inclusion and the achievement of quality education for all.

History

The date commemorates the killing of students in Dhaka, Bangladesh (then East Pakistan) on February 21, 1952, who demonstrated for the right to use their native Bengali language. UNESCO proclaimed the day in November 1999, and it has been observed globally since February 2000. Bangladesh's Language Movement is now a powerful symbol of linguistic rights worldwide.

Where It's Observed

Global — UNESCO initiative

Cultural Context

US United States

The US is home to over 400 languages, including Indigenous tongues many of which are critically endangered. The day prompts discussions about language education policy, bilingual schooling, and the preservation of Native American languages.

KR South Korea

South Korea's Hangul script — invented by King Sejong in 1443 — is celebrated as one of the world's most scientific writing systems. The day reinforces pride in Korean linguistic identity and prompts advocacy for Korean language preservation among diaspora communities worldwide.

JP Japan

Japan's linguistic identity is complex: Japanese coexists with Ryukyuan languages and the endangered Ainu language of Hokkaido. The day prompts awareness campaigns about Ainu cultural preservation and respect for linguistic diversity within Japan.

How to Participate

  • 01Learn five words in a language you've never encountered before
  • 02Read about an endangered language and the community working to preserve it
  • 03Celebrate the language(s) of your family's heritage
  • 04Support an indigenous language revitalisation project

Frequently asked questions

When is International Mother Language Day?+

International Mother Language Day is observed annually on February 21. The date is fixed each year — February 21 — and does not shift based on the lunar calendar or weekday.

What is International Mother Language Day?+

International Mother Language Day on February 21 promotes linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism. It is estimated that more than half of the approximately 7,000 languages spoken worldwide are at risk of disappearing by the end of this century, with one language lost on average every t…

Is International Mother Language Day a public holiday?+

International Mother Language Day is an international observance or awareness day, not a public holiday in most countries. It does not typically result in days off work or school closures, though some countries and organisations hold official events.

How can I participate in International Mother Language Day?+

Learn five words in a language you've never encountered before Read about an endangered language and the community working to preserve it Celebrate the language(s) of your family's heritage These are some of the most accessible ways to engage with the day's purpose.

Which countries observe International Mother Language Day?+

Global — UNESCO initiative.

Mark the date

Download a free printable calendar for 2027 and never miss International Mother Language Day.

US United States

KR South Korea

JP Japan

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